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Bright white lines on black, drawn by a vector monitor instead of pixels, which made it look like nothing else in the room. The ship had inertia, and learning to stop was the first skill.
Hyperspace was the panic button that teleported you somewhere random, occasionally into a rock. Asteroids was the top earner of 1980 and the game whose sound, that pulsing two-note heartbeat, is the sound of an arcade.
Sources: Wikipedia — Asteroids (video game)